微火箭电场仪的原理及其应用   总被引：24，自引：1，他引：23  

罗福山  庄洪春  何渝晖  张健  陈敏捷  刘一鸣  姜棣昭  邱学刚  陈祖源  谌晓茅  孙德城  崔先星  程金虎  赵宁华 《地球物理学报》2000,43(5):616-620

介绍一种新型的雷雨云电场探测仪器---微火箭电场仪 ,由直径为 55mm×760mm农用消雹小火箭改装而成 .它利用导体在电场中感应电荷原理 ,由电场传感器、测量线路、1 680MHz遥测发射机及天线组成 .仪器特点是结构简单、高密集、超小型、快速机动、低功耗、低成本 .此仪器于 1 998年年初试飞成功 .电场探测范围 1- 1 0 0kV/m .探测高度为7 5km左右 .主要用于飞行器升空安全保障 ,以及气象部门对雷电、冰雹的探测和预警  相似文献   

A modelling study of tropospheric distributions of the trace gases CFCl3 and CH3CCl3 in the 1980s     

K.-Y. Wang  D. E. Shallcross 《Annales Geophysicae》2000,18(8):972-986

Interhemispheric transport is a key process affecting the accuracy of source quantification for species such as methane by inverse modelling, and is a source of difference among global three-dimensional chemistry transport models (CTMs). Here we use long-term observations of the atmospheric concentration of long-lived species such as CH₃CCl₃ and CFCl₃ for testing three-dimensional chemistry transport models (CTMs); notably their ability to model the interhemispheric transport, distribution, trend, and variability of trace gases in the troposphere. The very striking contrast between the inhomogeneous source distribution and the nearly homogeneous trend, observed in the global ALE/GAGE experiments for both CH₃CCl₃ and CFCl₃ illustrates an efficient interhemispheric transport of atmospherically long-lived chemical species. Analysis of the modelling data at two tropical stations, Barbados (13°N, 59°W) and Samoa (14°S, 124°W), show the close relationship between inter-hemispheric transport and cross-equator Hadley circulations. We found that cross-equator Hadley circulations play a key role in producing the globally homogeneous observed trends. Chemically, the most rapid interaction between CH₃CCl₃ and OH occurs in the northern summer troposphere; while the most rapid photolysis of CH₃CCl₃ and CFCl₃, and the chemical reactions between CFCl₃ and O(¹D), take place in the southern summer stratosphere. Therefore, the cross-equator Hadley circulation plays a key role which regulates the southward flux of chemical species. The regulation by the Hadley circulations hence determines the amount of air to be processed by OH, O(¹D), and ultraviolet photolysis, in both hemispheres. In summary, the dynamic regulation of the Hadley circulations, and the chemical processing (which crucially depends on the concentration of OH, O(¹D), and on the intensity of solar insolation) of the air contribute to the seasonal variability and homogeneous growth rate of observed CH₃CCl₃ and CFCl₃.  相似文献   

体应变的气压效应   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

乔子云  马兴国 《山西地震》2000,(2):36-38

通过对河北省张家口地震台体应变和气压观测和对比分析,探讨了消除气压干扰的方法。指出用别尔采夫滤波法去掉体应变固体潮和气压的短期用回归方程、相关分析、求气压系数,体应变残差等可排除气压干扰。结果表明,当体应变观测曲线出现异常时,消除气压干扰后,异常更加明显,更有利于对异常的识别和判断。发现去掉干扰后的体应变曲线与１９９８年１月１０日河北张北６．２级地震存在一定的对应关系。  相似文献   

Contribution of the atmosphere to the seasonal changes in earth's rotation     

Yu Nan-hua  Zheng Da-wei 《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》2000,24(4):495-500

Using new data of atmospheric angular momentum for the period 1975–1995, the contributions of the atmosphere to the changes in LCD and polar motion on the seasonal time scale are investigated. The results show that, when the effects of wind and atmospheric pressure are considered, the atmosphere's contribution on the annual and semi-annual time scales may reach, respectively, 95% and 88%. We also give some quantitative results of the atmosphere's excitation of polar motion. On the annual time scale, the contribution to the X-component of polar motion is 16% and that to the Y-component is 43%. On the semi-annual time scale, the contributions to the X- and Y-components are, respectively, 9% and 30%. From the above results, it is clear that the contribution of the ocean should also be included in a more complete solution of the problem of excitation of the earth's rotation.  相似文献   

辽西地区区域性大雾气候统计特征及预报          下载免费PDF全文

郭刚  罗春田  郭玲 《气象与环境学报》2006,22(3):7-10

利用1995～2004年辽西地区4个代表站的大雾观测资料,分析了区域性大雾天气的气候统计特征,统计出易产生大雾天气的地面和高空形势场及出现频率,并从大雾产生的条件和形成机制入手,提出判别大雾出现的预报指标,并结合近10 a的历史资料对预报指标进行了验证,平均历史概括率为81.0%。选取2004年7月1日—12月31日单站历史资料进行抽样预报效果检验,总空报率为22.2%,漏报率为5.1%,检验效果较好。  相似文献   

Ionospheric corrections via PIM and real-time data     

R. M. Campbell 《New Astronomy Reviews》1999,43(8-10)

We describe a method for removing ionospheric effects from single-frequency radio data a posteriori. This method is based on a theoretical climatological model developed by the USAF, which returns along the line of sight to the source. Together with a model of , ionospheric delay and Faraday rotation values ensue. If contemporaneous ionospheric data – GPS TEC observations or ionosonde profiles – exist, they can be incorporated to update the modeled n_e.  相似文献   

用SA雷达测量近地面层大气折射率场     

胡帆  王凌震  周文嫣  喜度  徐芬 《气象科学》2011,31(2):217-222

通过测量近地面层的水汽变化,可以研究中小尺度雷暴系统的初生和发展,进而可以根据水汽数据帮助作出未来中小尺度天气过程的临近预报.因此,水汽探测具有重要的研究和应用价值.研究和实验证明,目前我国大量布网的SA多谱勒天气雷达,能够开展大气折射率场的探测,并用探测到的折射率场反演水汽的变化.本文对用SA雷达实现这种探测的一些关...  相似文献   

2011年5月26日北京上空TeSL与Es、大气风场的同时观测   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

荀宇畅  杨国韬  王继红  杜丽芳  焦菁  王泽龙  程学武  王赤 《地球物理学报》2017,60(11):4390-4397

本文报道了北京延庆（116.0°E,40.5°N）钠荧光激光雷达在2011年5月26日夜间观测到的一例低热层钠层（lower thermospheric-enhanced sodium layer,TeSL）事例,从数据采集开始到观测结束,该低热层钠层持续存在且不断增强,峰值密度从250 cm^-3增加至1500 cm^-3,峰值高度却从111 km逐渐下降到100 km.同一时间相距28 km的测高仪也观测到了出现在106~117 km的Es层,平均强度4.5 MHz;对流星雷达设备观测到的75~100 km的纬向风风速进行拟合,得到100~125 km的风速,风剪切节点从122 km下降到108 km.Es层和纬向风剪切节点的演化趋势与TeSL事件呈现出极好的相关性.我们计算了离子垂直速度及辐射复合反应的生成率,对钠原子的出现高度和密度做出解释,推测风剪切汇聚的Na⁺与Es层中的电子中和,是形成当日TeSL的主要机制.  相似文献   

利用GPS网观测反射海啸波引发的电离层扰动   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1       下载免费PDF全文

唐龙  郭博峰  郑凯 《地球物理学报》2017,60(5):1643-1649

震中产生的海啸波传播到海岸或者遇到水下障碍时会发生反射,从而形成反射海啸波.本文利用稠密的日本GEONET网,首次在电离层扰动图中观测到2011年3月11日Tohoku地震引发的反射海啸波信号.观测到的电离层扰动与海平面的反射海啸波具有相似的波形、水平速度、方向、周期以及到达时间等传播特征,表明观测的电离层扰动为反射海啸波所引起,本文的观测结果表明反射海啸产生的大气内重力波也能向上传播到电离层与等离子体作用.  相似文献   

“天宫二号”空间实验室大气质谱信号与地磁信号在磁暴干扰下的Hilbert-Huang变换     

雷晴  刘立霞  史勇军  荆燕 《地球物理学进展》2020,(1):16-22

本文采用Hilbert-Huang变换分别对磁暴干扰下的“天宫二号”空间实验室大气质谱信号和乌鲁木齐地磁基准台FHDZ-M15所产出地磁数据进行特征分析.实验首先采用小波分析方法分析两种信号的能量谱,结果可得:“天宫二号”空间实验室大气质谱信号和M15地磁信号在磁暴时段能量较为集中,且幅值较大.该实验表明两种信号的能量分布成正相关性.基于Hilbert-Huang变换的时频聚集性及处理非平稳信号的能力,实验进一步采用Hilbert-Huang变换对磁暴干扰下的两种信号进行时频特性分析.通过对两种信号的Hilbert-Huang谱分析可得:“天宫二号”空间实验室大气质谱信号和M15地磁信号在磁暴干扰下的频率均主要集中在0.2 Hz之内.同时,Hilbert-Huang谱实验清晰反映出了两种信号能量随时间和频率的分布情况.  相似文献